UCLH is one of 13 NHS hospitals running a world-leading study in which hundreds of babies will be tested for over 200 rare genetic conditions. The study aims to screen up to 100,000 newborns in England.
The pioneering study aims to identify conditions such as Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) in babies sooner, and could enable hundreds to benefit from earlier diagnosis and treatment that could help slow the progression of disease and improve or even extend their lives.
The Generation Study, led by Genomics England in partnership with NHS England, will see newborn babies offered whole genome sequencing using blood samples which are usually taken from their umbilical cord shortly after birth.
The sequencing identifies treatable, rare conditions shortly after a baby is born rather than when symptoms might appear later in childhood. This means families can access the right support, monitoring, and treatment from the NHS much earlier for these conditions.
The Generation Study will identify more than 200 conditions in otherwise asymptomatic babies where symptoms might not present until later in childhood.
The UCLH Principal Investigator is Dr Julia Zöllner. The study is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research UCLH Biomedical Research Centre.
Early effective intervention can help to prevent longer term health problems associated with certain conditions, keeping children out of hospital, and helping them live healthier lives.
Expectant parents will be informed about the study during pregnancy, and if interested a research midwife will have a detailed conversation with them to decide if they want to take part.
Shortly after birth, an NHS doctor, nurse or midwife will confirm with parents that they are still happy for their baby to be tested and a blood sample will be taken and sent to a laboratory for whole genome sequencing.
Results are then reviewed by NHS genomic scientists, with the aim of sharing with parents within 28 days if a condition is suspected or within a few months if no conditions are suspected.
If a newborn baby is identified as having a treatable childhood condition through the genome sequencing, families and carers will be provided with further NHS testing to confirm a diagnosis, and ongoing support and treatment from the NHS.
Every year, thousands of children are born in the UK with a treatable rare condition with genetic testing usually taking place in the NHS Genomic Medicine Service when the child has developed symptoms – with children under the age of five disproportionately affected.
The NHS blood spot screening (the heel prick test) is used to detect nine rare but serious health conditions in newborn babies – the Generation study is not intended to replace routine screening, and it is important that whatever decision parents make about participation in the Generation Study, their baby still has the blood spot test.
It is hoped that screening a baby’s entire genome – all of their DNA – could detect hundreds more rare, treatable diseases in their first years of life.
NHS teams will also provide families with advice on how to manage different conditions, for example one of the conditions, osteogenesis imperfecta, parents can be advised on handling of their newborn to prevent long-term damage to their child's bones.
The study will support broader healthcare research to improve testing and discover more treatments and explore the potential of storing an individual genome over a person’s lifetime and using it to help predict, diagnose and treat future illnesses.
For example, if a child who has had their genome sequenced falls sick when they are older, there may be an opportunity to use their stored genetic information to help diagnose and treat them.
